地震属性应用中的不确定性分析
地震属性应用中的不确定性分析张建宁 于建国
（中国石化胜利油田有限公司物探研究院，山东东营257022）
The indetermination analysis on the seismic attributeapplication
Zhang Jianning Yu Jianguo
(Geophysical Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield.Co.,Dongying 257022,China)
摘要：随着地震技术的不断发展，从地震数据中提取的地震属性越来越丰富，
With the unceasingdevelopment of seismic technology, the extracted seismic attributes fromseismic data are more and more rich.
通过对地震属性提取、优选和联合解释，在一定程度上减小了地震资料解释的多解性。
By seismic attributeextraction, optimization and volume interpretation, multiple solutions of theseismic data are reduced on a certain degree.
但由于地震数据本身有限并存在误差，地震属性应用中依然广泛地存在不确定性和非唯一性，
Because of thelimitation and error in seismic data, applied seismic attributes still broadlyexist uncertainties and multiple solutions.
认识这些不确定性是地震属性在复杂油气勘探与开发中应用的重要前提条件。
Therefore, thecognition to uncertainties is an important prior condition in seismicattributes application on complicated reservoir prospect and development.
着重分析了①地质模型的多样性、复杂性、非均质性和几何尺度的限制；
Based on thetheory of seismic prospecting, several aspects are analyzed: the variety,complexity of the geology model and the restriction of dimension,
②观测数据分辨率的限制、噪声和干扰的影响和观测数据的误差；
the influence causedby noise and interference, the restriction of resolution and the error of data;
③预测方法中样本个数限制、方法的适应性和物性参数的不确定性；
the limitation ofsamples, the methods adaptability and uncertainties;
④主观认识等对地震属性应用的影响，
the impact onseismic attributes caused by subjective cognition.
并结合实际资料指出了引起地震属性应用不确定性的基本原因、主要因素及其可能产生的现象。进一步明确了地震属性应用前提、应用条件和应用范围。
The basic reasonand possible effect of uncertainties in attributes application are discussedwith real data, the applying premise, condition and scale are furtherdetermined.
关键词：地震属性；反问题；不确定性；干扰与误差；主观认识
Key words: seismicattributes; inversion; indetermination; interference and error; subjectivecognition
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